8.2. Design Standards — OBC 2006 (in force 31 December 2006 to 1 January 2014)

8.2. — Design Standards

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8.2.1. — General Requirements

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8.2.1.1. — Scope

(1) This Subsection applies to the design of sewage systems.

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8.2.1.2. — Site Evaluation

(1) A site evaluation shall be conducted on every site where a new or replacement sewage system is to be installed.

(2) The percolation time shall be determined by either percolation tests or by classifying the soil according to the Unified Soil Classification System as described in Supplementary Standard SB-5.

(3) Where the percolation time is determined by a percolation test, there shall be a minimum of 3 locations selected, suitably spaced to accurately evaluate the leaching bed area, with the highest percolation time of the tests being used

Editor's note

This map follows the as-filed text of O. Reg. 350/06 for Article 8.2.1.2. of Division B, in which Sentence (3) ('... with the highest percolation time of the tests being used') ends without a sentence-ending period. The e-Laws consolidation editorially adds a terminal period, with no amending regulation making the change. This map preserves the as-filed wording.

8.2.1.3. — Sewage System Design Flows

(1) For residential occupancies, the total daily design sanitary sewage flow shall be at least the value in Column 2 as determined from Table 8.2.1.3.A.

(2) For all other occupancies, the total daily design sanitary sewage flow shall be at least the value in Column 2 as determined from Table 8.2.1.3.B.

(3) Where a building contains more than one establishment, the total daily design sanitary sewage flow shall be the sum of the total daily design sanitary sewage flow for each establishment.

(4) Where an occupancy is not listed in Table 8.2.1.3.B., the highest of metered flow data from at least 3 similar establishments shall be acceptable for determining total daily design sanitary sewage flow.

Editor's note

In the notes to Table-8.2.1.3.A., Table-8.2.1.3.B., a separating space follows the footnote reference numbers; the e-Laws consolidation omits it. The footnote text is identical.

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Table 8.2.1.3.A. Residential Occupancy Forming Part of Sentence 8.2.1.3.(1)

Column 1	Column 2
Residential Occupancy	Volume, litres
Apartments, Condominiums, Other Multi-family Dwellings - per person⁽¹⁾	275
Boarding Houses
a) Per person,
i) with meals and laundry facilities, or,	200
ii) without meal or laundry facilities, and	150
b) Per non-resident staff per 8 hour shift	40
Boarding School - per person	300
Dwellings
a) 1 bedroom dwelling	750
b) 2 bedroom dwelling	1100
c) 3 bedroom dwelling	1600
d) 4 bedroom dwelling	2000
e) 5 bedroom dwelling	2500
f) Additional flow for⁽²⁾
i) each bedroom over 5,	500
ii) A) each 10 m² (or part of it) over 200 m² up to 400 m² ⁽³⁾ ,	100
B) each 10 m² (or part of it) over 400 m2 up to 600 m² ⁽³⁾, and	75
C) each 10 m² (or part of it) over 600 m² ⁽³⁾, or	50
iii) each fixture unit over 20 fixture units	50
Hotels and Motels (excluding bars and restaurants)
a) Regular, per room	250
b) Resort hotel, cottage, per person	500
c) Self service laundry, add per machine	2500
Work Camp/Construction Camp, semi-permanent per worker	250

Notes to Table 8.2.1.3.A.:

⁽¹⁾ The occupant load shall be calculated using Subsection 3.1.17.

⁽²⁾Where multiple calculations of sewage volume is permitted the calculation resulting the highest flow shall be used in determining the design daily sanitary sewage flow.

⁽³⁾Total finished area, excluding the area of the finished basement.

Table 8.2.1.3.B. Other Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 8.2.1.3.(2)

Column 1	Column 2
Establishments⁽¹⁾	Volume, litres
Airports, Bus Terminals, Train Stations, Dock/Port Facilities (Food Services excluded)
a) Per passenger, and	20
b) Per employee per 8 hour shift	40
Assembly Hall - per seat
a) No food service, or	8
b) Food service provided	36
Barber Shop/Beauty Salon - per service chair	650
Bowling Alleys (Food Service not included) - per lane	400
Churches and Similar Places of Worship - per seat
a) No kitchen facilities, or	8
b) Kitchen facilities provided	36
Country Club (excluding Food Service)
a) Per resident,	375
b) Per employee per 8 hour shift, and	50
c) Per member or patron	40
Day Care Facility per person (staff and children)	75
Dentist Office
a) Per wet service chair, and	275
b) Per dry service chair	190
Doctors Office
a) Per practitioner, and	275
b) Per employee per 8 hour shift	75
Factory (excluding process or cleaning waters) - per employee per 8 hour shift
a) No showers, or	75
b) Including showers	125
Flea Markets⁽²⁾ (open not more than 3 days per week)
a) Per non-food service vendor space,	60
b) Per food service establishment / 9.25 m² of floor space, and	190
c) Per limited food service outlet	95
Food Service Operations
a) Restaurant (not 24 hour), per seat	125
b) Restaurant (24 hour), per seat	200
c) Restaurant on controlled access highway, per seat	400
d) Paper service restaurant, per seat	60
e) Donut shop, per seat	400
f) Bar and cocktail lounge, per seat	125
g) Drive-in restaurant per parking space	60
h) Take-out restaurant (no seating area)
i) per 9.25 m² of floor area, and	190
ii) per employee per 8 hour shift	75
i) Cafeteria - per meal	12
j) Food outlet
i) excluding delicatessen, bakery and meat department, per 9.25 m² of floor space,	40
ii) per 9.25 m² of delicatessen floor space,	190
iii) per 9.25 m² of bakery floor space,	190
iv) per 9.25 m² of meat department floor space, and	380
v) per water closet	950
Hospitals - per bed
a) Including laundry facilities, or	750
b) Excluding laundry facilities	550
Nursing Homes, Rest Homes, etc. - per bed	450
Office Building⁽³⁾
a) Per employee per 8 hour shift, or	75
b) Per each 9.3 m² of floor space	75
Public Parks
a) With toilets only per person, or	20
b) With bathhouse, showers, and toilets per person	50
Recreational Vehicle or Campground Park
a) Per site without water or sewer hook-up, or	275
b) Per site with water and sewer hook-up	425
Schools - per student
a) Day school,	30
b) With showers,	30
c) With cafeteria, and	30
d) Per non-teaching employee per 8 hour shift	50
Service Stations (no vehicle washing)⁽³⁾
a) Per water closet, and	950
i) per fuel outlet⁽⁴⁾, or	560
ii) per vehicle served	20
Shopping Centre (excluding food and laundry) - per 1.0 m² of floor space	5
Stadiums, Race Tracks, Ball Parks - per seat	20
Stores⁽³⁾
a) Per 1.0 m² of floor area, or	5
b) Per water closet	1230
Swimming and Bathing Facilities (Public) - per person	40
Theatres
a) Indoor, auditoriums per seat,	20
b) Outdoor, drive-ins per space, or	40
c) Movie theatres per seat	15
Veterinary Clinics
a) Per practitioner,	275
b) Per employee per 8 hour shift, and	75
c) Per stall, kennel, or cage if floor drain connected	75
Warehouse
a) Per water closet, and	950
b) Per loading bay	150

Notes to Table 8.2.1.3.B.:

⁽¹⁾The occupant load shall be calculated using Subsection 3.1.17.

⁽²⁾Flea markets open more than 3 days per week shall be assessed using the volumes stated under the heading “Stores”.

⁽³⁾Where multiple calculations of sanitary sewage volume is permitted the calculation resulting in the highest flow shall be used in determining the design daily sanitary sewage flow.

⁽⁴⁾The number of fuel outlets is considered the maximum number of gas nozzles that could be in use at the same time.

8.2.1.4. — Clearances

(1) Unless it can be shown to be unnecessary, where the percolation time is 10 minutes or greater, the location of all components within a sewage system shall be in conformance with the clearances listed in Articles 8.2.1.5. or 8.2.1.6.v1

(2) Unless it can be shown to be unnecessary, where the percolation time is less than 10 minutes, the clearances listed in Articles 8.2.1.5. and 8.2.1.6.v1 for wells, lakes, ponds, reservoirs, rivers, springs or streams shall be increased to compensate for the lower percolation time.

(3) No building shall be constructed closer to any part of a sewage system than the clearances listed in Articles 8.2.1.5. or 8.2.1.6.v1

(4) If more than one sewage system is located on a lot or parcel of land, there shall be no overlap of any part of the systems.

Editor's note

This map follows the as-filed text of O. Reg. 350/06 for Article 8.2.1.4. of Division B, in which Sentences (1) and (3) refer to the clearances listed in 'Articles 8.2.1.5. or 8.2.1.6.' using the plural 'Articles', because the reference is to two articles. The e-Laws consolidation editorially renders both references in the singular as 'Article 8.2.1.5. or 8.2.1.6.', with no amending regulation making the change. This map preserves the as-filed wording.

8.2.1.5. — Clearance Distances for Class 1, 2 and 3 Sewage Systems

(1) Except as provided in Sentences 8.2.1.4.(1) and (2), no Class 1, 2, or 3 sewage system shall have a horizontal distance of less than that permitted by Table 8.2.1.5.

Editor's note

This map follows the as-filed text of O. Reg. 350/06 for Article 8.2.1.5. of Division B, in which Sentence (1) reads 'no Class 1, 2, or 3 sewage system' with a serial comma before 'or'. The e-Laws consolidation editorially drops the serial comma, rendering 'Class 1, 2 or 3', with no amending regulation making the change. This map preserves the as-filed wording.

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Table 8.2.1.5. Clearance Distances for Class 1, 2 and 3 Sewage Systems Forming Part of Sentence 8.2.1.5.(1)

Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4	Column 5
Sewage System	Minimum horizontal distance in metres from a well with watertight casing to a depth of at least 6 m	Minimum horizontal distance in metres from a spring used as a source of potable water or well other than a well with a water tight casing to a depth of at least 6 m	Minimum horizontal distance in metres from a lake, river, pond, stream, reservoir, or a spring not used as a source of potable water	Minimum horizontal distance in metres from a property line
Earth Pit Privy	15	30	15	3
Privy Vault Pail Privy	10	15	10	3
Greywater System	10	15	15	3
Cesspool	30	60	15	3

8.2.1.6. — Clearances for a Class 4 or 5 Sewage System

(1) Except as provided in Sentences 8.2.1.4.(1) and (2), a treatment unit shall not be located closer than the minimum horizontal distances as set out in Table 8.2.1.6.A.

(2) Except as provided in Sentences 8.2.1.4.(1) and (2), a distribution pipe shall not be located closer than the minimum horizontal distances set out in Table 8.2.1.6.B. and these distances shall be increased when required by Sentence 8.7.4.2.(9).

(3) Except as provided in Sentences 8.2.1.4.(1) and (2), a holding tank shall not be located closer than the minimum horizontal distances set out in Table 8.2.1.6.C.

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Table 8.2.1.6.A. Minimum Clearances for Treatment Units Forming Part of Sentence 8.2.1.6.(1)

Column 1	Column 2
Object	Minimum Clearance, m
Structure	1.5
Well	15
Lake	15
Pond	15
Reservoir	15
River	15
Spring	15
Stream	15
Property Line	3

Table 8.2.1.6.B. Minimum Clearances for Distribution Piping Forming Part of Sentence 8.2.1.6.(2)

Column 1	Column 2
Object	Minimum Clearance, m
Structure	5
Well with a watertight casing to a depth of 6 m	15
Any other well	30
Lake	15
Pond	15
Reservoir	15
River	15
Spring not used as a source of potable water	15
Stream	15
Property Line	3

Table 8.2.1.6.C. Minimum Clearances for Holding Tanks Forming Part of Sentence 8.2.1.6.(3)

Column 1	Column 2
Object	Minimum Clearance, m
Structure	1.5
Well with a watertight casing to a depth of at least 6 m	15
Any other well	15
Spring	15
Property Line	3

8.2.2. — Treatment and Holding Tanks

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8.2.2.1. — Application

(1) This Subsection applies to any tank used in a sewage system for collecting, treating, holding or storing sanitary sewage.

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8.2.2.2. — Tanks

(1) Subject to Sentence (3), a tank that is used as a treatment unit in a Class 4 sewage system or a holding tank in a Class 5 sewage system shall conform to the requirements of CSA B66, “Design, Material, and Manufacturing Requirements for Prefabricated Septic Tanks and Sewage Holding Tanks”.

(2) Subject to Sentence (3), material standards, access and construction methods and practices for a tank used for other Classes of sewage systems shall conform to the requirements of CSA B66, “Design, Material, and Manufacturing Requirements for Prefabricated Septic Tanks and Sewage Holding Tanks”.

(3) Tanks referred to in Sentences (1) and (2) are not required to conform to the requirements of Clause 10.2.(j) of CSA B66 “Design, Material, and Manufacturing Requirements for Prefabricated Septic Tanks and Sewage Holding Tanks”.

(4) Sentence (2) does not apply to a tank that is an integral part of a prefabricated Class 1 sewage system.

(5) Access openings shall be located to facilitate the pumping of all compartments and the servicing of the inlet and outlet of each compartment not accessible by removal of the tank top or part of it.

(6) A tank shall not be covered by soil or leaching bed fill having a depth greater than the maximum depth of burial that the tank is designed to withstand.

(7) A tank shall be securely anchored when located in an area subject to flooding or where ground water levels may cause hydrostatic pressures.

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8.2.2.3. — Septic Tanks

(1) The minimum working capacity of a septic tank shall be the greater of 3 600 L and,

(a) in residential occupancies, twice the daily design sanitary sewage flow, or

(b) in non-residential occupancies, three times the daily design sanitary sewage flow.

(2) Every septic tank shall be constructed in such a manner that any sanitary sewage flowing through the tank will pass through at least 2 compartments.

(3) The working capacity of the compartments required in Sentence (2) shall be sized such that,

(a) the first compartment is at least 1.3 times the daily design sanitary sewage flow but in no case less than 2 400 L, and

(b) each subsequent compartment shall be at least 50% of the first compartment.

(4) Where multiple tanks are to be used to meet the requirements of Sentences (2) and (3), the tanks shall be connected in series such that,

(a) the first tank in the series shall have at least a capacity as calculated in Clause (3)(a), however at no time shall a tank having a working capacity of less than 3 600 L be used,

(b) all additional tanks after the first tank, excluding pump or dosing tanks shall have at least a working capacity equal to Clause (3)(b),

(c) the pipe between the outlet of one tank and the inlet of the next tank in the series shall have a minimum slope of 2 per cent,

(d) there shall be no partitions in the tank except where a partition is required to maintain the structural integrity of the tank, in which case openings within the partition shall be provided to allow the free movement of sanitary sewage throughout the tank, and

(e) all piping between tanks shall be continuous and shall be connected to the tank through the use of flexible watertight seals that will permit differential movement between the tanks.

(5) Partitions separating the septic tank into compartments shall extend at least 150 mm above the liquid level at the outlet, and there shall be one or more openings through or above the partition.

(6) The openings required between compartments referred to in Sentence (2) shall have a total cross-sectional area of at least three times the area of the inlet pipe and be located between the top and a level 150 mm above the liquid level at the outlet to provide for the free flow of air between compartments.

(7) Sanitary sewage shall pass from one compartment to another of the septic tank by means of either,

(a) a device similar to that described in CSA B66, “Design, Material, and Manufacturing Requirements for Prefabricated Septic Tanks and Sewage Holding Tanks” for outlet devices, or

(b) through two or more openings through the partition located in a horizontal line, and evenly spaced across the width of the partition, centred at approximately 40% of the liquid depth below the surface of the liquid, and having a total area of between three and five times that of the cross-sectional area of the inlet pipe.

(8) A septic tank shall be of such design and construction as will permit the collection and holding of sanitary sewage in it to a depth of not less than 1 200 mm except that a depth of not less than 900 mm is permitted where the excavation is in rock, or to avoid rupture or displacement of the tank due to ground water pressure.

(9) Except as provided in Sentences (10) and (11), every septic tank shall be installed in such a manner that the access openings are located not more than 300 mm below the ground surface.

(10) Where the top of the septic tank is located more than 300 mm below the ground surface, it shall be equipped with risers that extend from the access opening of the septic tank to within 300 mm of the ground surface.

(11) Where risers are used they shall conform to the requirements of CSA B66, “Design, Material, and Manufacturing Requirements for Prefabricated Septic Tanks and Sewage Holding Tanks”, and shall have adequate access openings to allow for regular maintenance of the septic tank.

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8.2.2.4. — Holding Tanks

(1) All holding tanks shall be of such design and construction as will allow the complete removal of solid matter that can be expected to settle in the holding tank through an apparatus or device suitable for allowing the contents of the holding tank to be removed from the holding tank.

(2) A holding tank shall have a working capacity of not less than 9 000 L.

(3) Where two or more tanks are used to meet the requirement of Sentence (2), they shall be deemed to be one holding tank provided they are connected in such a manner as will allow the sanitary sewage contained in them to flow between the tanks.

(4) The working capacity of the tanks described in Sentence (3) shall not include any portion of any tank that cannot be completely drained due to the manner in which the connections are made.

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8.2.

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