Part 5

(1) The scope of this Part shall be as described in Subsection 1.1.2. of Division A.

(1) This Part applies to,

(a) building materials, components and assemblies exposed to exterior space or the ground, including those separating interior space from exterior space or separating interior space from the ground,

(b) building materials, components and assemblies separating environmentally dissimilar interior spaces, and

(c) site materials, components, assemblies and grading that may affect environmental loads on building materials, components and assemblies exposed to exterior space or the ground.

(1) Building materials, components and assemblies that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior shall be designed and constructed to provide sufficient capacity and integrity to resist or accommodate,

(a) all environmental loads, and effects of those loads, that may reasonably be expected having regard to,

(i) the intended use of the building, and

(ii) the environment to which the materials, components and assemblies are subject, and

(b) all structural loads, and effects of those loads, that may be reasonably expected.

(2) The design and construction required by Clause (1)(a) shall comply with Subsection 5.2.1.

(3) The design and construction required by Clause (1)(b) shall comply with Subsection 5.2.2., with regard to,

(a) materials, components and assemblies, and associated loads, that are identified in Part 4,

(b) air pressure loads imposed on air barrier systems,

(c) wind up-lift imposed on roofing, and

(d) hydrostatic pressure imposed on the means of  protection from moisture in the ground.

(4) For materials, components, assemblies and loads to which Sentence (3) does not apply, the design and construction required by Clause 1(b) shall,

(a) comply with Subsection 5.2.2. for individual applicable loads and construction conforming to that design, or

(b) in the case of common materials, components and assemblies, and their installation, be based on proven past performance over a period of several years for individual applicable loads.

(5) Materials, components and assemblies separating dissimilar environments and assemblies exposed to the exterior, including their connections, that are subject to structural loads, shall,

(a) transfer such loads to the building structure without adverse effects on the performance of other materials, components or assemblies,

(b) not deflect to a degree that adversely affects the performance of other materials, components or assemblies.

(c) be designed, and constructed according to that design, to accommodate,

(i) the maximum relative structural movement that may reasonably be expected, and

(ii) construction tolerances that may reasonably be expected.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), materials used in building components and assemblies that separate dissimilar environments, or in assemblies exposed to the exterior, shall be,

(a) compatible with adjoining materials, and

(b) resistant to any mechanisms of deterioration that may reasonably be expected, given the nature, function and exposure of the materials.

(2) Material compatibility and deterioration resistance are not required where it can be shown that incompatibility or uncontrolled deterioration will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(3) Design and construction of assemblies separating dissimilar environments and assemblies exposed to the exterior shall be in accordance with good practice such as described in CSA S478, “Guideline on Durability in Buildings”.

(1) Acoustical, structural and fire safety requirements shall comply with other Parts.

(1) Above ground climatic loads shall be determined according to Supplementary Standard SB-1.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), below ground exterior environmental loads not described in Supplementary Standard SB-1 shall be determined from existing geological and hydrological data or from site tests.

(3) Where local design and construction practice has shown soil temperature analysis to be unnecessary, soil temperatures need not be determined.

(1) Interior environmental loads shall be determined in accordance with good engineering practice as described in Sentence 6.2.1.1.(1)v1 based on the intended use of the space.

(1) Calculations related to the transfer of heat, air and moisture and the transmission of sound shall conform to good engineering practice such as that described in the ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook.

(2) For the purposes of any analysis conducted to indicate conformance to the thermal resistance levels required in Article 5.3.1.2., soil temperatures shall be determined based on annual average soil temperature, seasonal amplitude of variation and attenuation of variation with depth.

(3) Wind load calculations shall conform to Subsection 4.1.7.

(1) Where materials, components or assemblies that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior, or their connections, are required to be designed for structural loads, these loads shall be determined in accordance with Part 4.

(2) The structural loads identified in Sentence (1) shall include,

(a) dead loads transferred from structural elements,

(b) wind, snow, rain, hydrostatic and earth pressures, as well as earthquake loads and effects,

(c) live loads due to use and occupancy, and

(d) loads due to thermal or moisture-related expansion and contraction, deflection, deformation, creep, shrinkage, settlement, and differential movement.

(3) Where materials, components or assemblies that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior, or their connections, can be expected to be subject to loads or other effects not otherwise described in this Subsection or in Part 4, such loads or other effects shall be taken into account in the design based on the most applicable information available.

(1) This Article applies to the determination of wind load to be used in the design of materials, components and assemblies, including their connections, that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior, where these are,

(a) subject to wind load, and

(b) required to be designed to resist wind load.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), the wind load described in Sentence (1) shall be 100% of the specified wind load determined according to Part 4 and based on,

(a) the reference velocity pressure defined in Clause 4.1.7.1.(4), and

(b) the gust effect factor defined in Clause 4.1.7.1.(6).

(3) Where it can be shown by test or analysis that a material, component, assembly or connection described in Sentence (1) will be subject to less than 100% of the specified wind load, the wind load described in Sentence (1) shall be not less than the load determined by test or analysis.

(1) Structural design shall be carried out in accordance with Subsection 4.1.3. and other applicable requirements in Part 4.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where a building component or assembly will be subjected to an intended temperature differential, the component or assembly shall include materials to resist heat transfer or means to dissipate transferred heat in accordance with the remainder of this Subsection.

(2) The installation of materials to resist heat transfer in accordance with the remainder of this Subsection is not required where it can be shown that uncontrolled heat transfer will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(1) Materials and components installed to provide the required resistance to heat transfer or the means implemented to dissipate heat shall,

(a) provide sufficient resistance or dissipation,

(i) to minimize surface condensation on the warm side of the component or assembly,

(ii) in conjunction with other materials and components in the assembly, to minimize condensation within the component or assembly,

(iii) in conjunction with systems installed for space conditioning, to meet the interior design thermal conditions for the intended occupancy, and

(iv) to minimize ice damming on sloped roofs, and

(b) take into account the conditions on either side of the environmental separator.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), all metal-framed glazed assemblies separating interior conditioned space from interior unconditioned space or exterior space shall incorporate a thermal break to minimize condensation.

(3) Metal-framed glazed assemblies need not comply with Sentence (2) where these assemblies are,

(a) storm windows or doors, or

(b) windows or doors that are required to have a fire-protection rating.

(1) Where a material required by Article 5.3.1.1. is intersected by a building assembly, penetrated by a high conductance component or interrupted by expansion, control or construction joints, and where condensation is likely to occur at these intersections, penetrations or interruptions, sufficient thermal resistance shall be provided so as to minimize condensation at these locations.

(2) Materials providing required thermal resistance shall have sufficient inherent resistance to air flow or be positioned in the assembly so as to prevent convective air flow through and around the material.

(3) Spray-in-place polyurethane insulation shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of CAN/ULC-S705.2, “Thermal Insulation - Spray Applied Rigid Polyurethane Foam, Medium Density, Installer’s Responsibilities - Specification".

(1) Where a building component or assembly separates interior conditioned space from exterior space, interior space from the ground, or environmentally dissimilar interior spaces, the properties and position of the materials and components in those components or assemblies shall be such that they control air leakage or permit venting to the exterior so as to,

(a) provide acceptable conditions for the building occupants,

(b) maintain appropriate conditions for the intended use of the building,

(c) minimize the accumulation of condensation in and penetration of precipitation into the building component or assembly,

(d) control heat transfer to roofs where ice damming can occur, and

(e) not compromise the operation of building services.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), an air barrier system shall be installed to provide the principal resistance to air leakage.

(3) An air barrier system is not required where it can be shown that uncontrolled air leakage will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), materials intended to provide the principal resistance to air leakage shall have an air leakage characteristic not greater than 0.02 L/( s·m²) measured at an air pressure difference of 75 Pa. 

(2) The air leakage limit specified in Sentence (1) is permitted to be increased where it can be shown that the higher rate of leakage will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(3) The air barrier system shall be continuous,

(a) across construction, control and expansion joints,

(b) across junctions between different building assemblies, and

(c) around penetrations through the building assembly.

(4) The structural design of air barrier systems installed in assemblies subject to air pressure loads shall comply with Article 5.1.4.1. and Subsection 5.2.2.

(1) Where a building component or assembly is subjected to differentials in temperature and water vapour pressure, the properties and position of the materials and components in those components or assemblies shall be such that they control vapour diffusion or permit venting to the exterior so as to minimize accumulation of condensation in the building component or assembly.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), a vapour barrier shall be installed to provide the principal resistance to water vapour diffusion.

(3) A vapour barrier is not required where it can be shown that uncontrolled vapour diffusion will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(1) The vapour barrier shall have sufficiently low permeance and shall be positioned in the building component or assembly so as to,

(a) minimize moisture transfer by diffusion, to surfaces within the assembly that would be cold enough to cause condensation at the design temperature and humidity conditions, or

(b) reduce moisture transfer by diffusion, to surfaces within the assembly that would be cold enough to cause condensation at the design temperature and humidity conditions, to a rate that will not allow sufficient accumulation of moisture to cause deterioration or otherwise adversely affect any of,

(i) the health or safety of building users,

(ii) the intended use of the building, or

(iii) the operation of building services.

(2) Coatings applied to gypsum wallboard to provide required resistance to vapour diffusion shall conform with the requirements of Sentence (1) when tested in accordance with CAN/CGSB-1.501-M, “Method for Permeance of Coated Wallboard”.

(3) Coatings applied to materials other than gypsum wallboard to provide required resistance to vapour diffusion shall be shown to conform to the requirements of Sentence (1) when tested in accordance with ASTM E96, “Water Vapour Transmission of Materials” by the desiccant method (dry cup).

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where a building component or assembly is exposed to precipitation, the component or assembly shall,

(a) minimize ingress of precipitation into the component or assembly, and

(b) prevent ingress of precipitation into interior space.

(2) Protection from ingress of precipitation is not required where it can be shown that such ingress will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where western cedar shakes or shingles are installed to provide the required protection from precipitation,

(a) shakes shall be not less than No.1 or Handsplit grade, and

(b) shingles shall be not less than No. 2 grade.

(2) Where western cedar shakes or shingles are installed as undercoursing to provide required protection from precipitation on vertical assemblies, they shall be not less than No. 3 grade.

(3) Except as provided in Sentence (4), where eastern white cedar shingles are installed to provide the required protection from precipitation, they shall be not less less than B (clear) grade.

(4) Where eastern white shingles are installed as undercoursing to provide the required protection from precipitation on vertical assemblies, they shall be not less than C grade.

(1) Where a material applied to a sloped or horizontal assembly is installed to provide required protection from precipitation and its installation is covered in the scope of one of the following standards, installation shall conform to the requirements of the respective standard:

(a) CAN/CGSB-37.51-M, “Application of Hot Applied Rubberized Asphalt for Roofing and Waterproofing”,

(b) CGSB 37-GP-55M, “Application of Sheet Applied Flexible Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing Membrane”,

(c) CAN3-A123.51-M, “Asphalt Shingle Application on Roof Slopes 1:3 and Steeper”, or

(d) CAN3-A123.52-M, “Asphalt Shingle Application on Roof Slopes 1:6 to less than 1:3”.

(2) Where masonry applied to vertical assemblies is installed to provide required protection from precipitation, installation shall conform to the requirements of CSA A371, “Masonry Construction for Buildings”.

(3) Where protective materials are applied to assemblies to provide the required protection from precipitation, the materials shall be installed so as to shed precipitation or otherwise minimize its entry into the assembly and prevent its penetration through the assembly.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), materials, components, assemblies, joints in materials, junctions between components and junctions between assemblies exposed to precipitation shall be,

(a) sealed to prevent ingress of precipitation, or

(b) drained to direct precipitation to the exterior.

(2) Sealing or drainage are not required where it can be shown that the omission of sealing and drainage will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(1) Where water, snow or ice can accumulate on a building, provision shall be made to minimize the likelihood of hazardous conditions arising from such accumulation.

(2) Where precipitation can accumulate on sloped or horizontal assemblies, provision shall be made for drainage conforming with Section 7.4.

(3) Where downspouts are provided and are not connected to a sewer, provisions shall be made to,

(a) divert the water from the building, and

(b) prevent soil erosion.

(4) Junctions between vertical assemblies, and sloped or horizontal assemblies, shall be designed and constructed to minimize the flow of water from the sloped or horizontal assembly onto the vertical assembly.

(1) A solar collector system is permitted to be installed above roofing materials conforming to Table 5.10.1.1.v1

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (3), the building shall be located, the building site graded or catch basins installed so that surface water will not accumulate against the building.

(2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), the foundation walls shall be constructed so that surface water will not,

(a) enter the building, or

(b) damage moisture susceptible materials.

(3) Buildings specifically designed to accommodate accumulation of water at the building or the ingress of water need not comply with Sentence (1) or Clause (2)(a).

(1) Except where a wall or floor is subject to continuous hydrostatic pressure, or unless it can be shown to be unnecessary, the bottom of every exterior foundation wall and every floor-on-ground shall be provided with drainage.

(1) Drainage shall be designed and installed to accommodate the drainage load.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where a building element separates interior space from the ground, materials, components or assemblies shall be installed to prevent moisture transfer into the space.

(2) Materials, components or assemblies need not be installed to prevent moisture transfer from the ground where it can be shown that such transfer will not adversely affect any of,

(a) the health or safety of building users,

(b) the intended use of the building, or

(c) the operation of building services.

(1) Except where it can be shown that lesser protection will not lead to adverse conditions, or as provided in Article 5.8.2.3.v1, materials and components installed to provide required moisture protection shall conform to the requirements of this Article.

(2) Except as provided in Sentences (3) and (7), materials installed to provide the required moisture protection shall be capable of bridging,

(a) construction, control and expansion joints,

(b) junctions between different building assemblies, and

(c) junctions between building assemblies and elements penetrating building assemblies.

(3) Except as provided in Sentence (7), where the material installed to provide the required moisture protection is not capable of bridging construction, control and expansion joints, those joints shall be designed to maintain the continuity of the moisture protection.

(4) Materials and components installed to provide the required moisture protection shall have sufficiently low water permeance to resist moisture loads.

(5) Except as provided in Sentence (7), moisture protection shall be designed and constructed to resist design hydrostatic pressures as determined in accordance with Section 4.2.

(6) Except as provided in Sentence (7), materials covered in the scope of the following standards shall not be installed to provide the required resistance to moisture transfer:

(a) CGSB 37-GP-6Ma, “Asphalt, Cutback, Unfilled for Dampproofing”, or

(b) CGSB 37-GP-18Ma, “Tar, Cutback, Unfilled for Dampproofing”.

(7) Where the substrate is cast-in-place concrete, and a drainage layer is installed between the building assembly and the soil, and the assembly will not be subject to hydrostatic pressure,

(a) materials and components installed to provide the required resistance to moisture transfer need not conform to Sentences (2), (3), (5) and (6), and

(b) materials covered in the scope of the following standards are permitted to be installed to provide the required resistance to moisture transfer where those materials conform to the requirements of the standards:

(i) CGSB 37-GP-6Ma, “Asphalt, Cutback, Unfilled, for Dampproofing”, or

(ii) CGSB 37-GP-18Ma, “Tar, Cutback, Unfilled, for Dampproofing”.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where materials are installed to provide the required resistance to moisture transfer and their installation is covered in the scope of the following standards, installation shall conform to the waterproofing requirements of the respective standards:

(a) CAN/CGSB-37.3-M, “Application of Emulsified Asphalts for Dampproofing or Waterproofing”,

(b) CGSB 37-GP-36M, “Application of Filled Cutback Asphalts for Dampproofing and Waterproofing”,

(c) CGSB 37-GP-37M, “Application of Hot Asphalt for Dampproofing or Waterproofing”, or

(d) CAN/CGSB-37.51-M, “Application of Hot Applied Rubberized Asphalt for Roofing and Waterproofing”.

(2) Where the substrate is cast-in-place concrete, and a drainage layer is installed between the building assembly and the soil, and the assembly will not be subject to hydrostatic pressure,

(a) materials and components installed to provide the required resistance to moisture transfer and whose installation is covered in the scope of the standards listed in Sentence (1), are permitted to be installed in conformance with the dampproofing requirements of the standards listed in Sentence (1), or

(b) materials installed to provide the required resistance to moisture transfer and whose installation is covered in the scope of the following standards, shall be installed in conformance with the requirements of the respective standards:

(i) CGSB 37-GP-12Ma, “Application of Unfilled Cutback Asphalt for Dampproofing”, or

(ii) CAN/CGSB 37.22-M, “Application of Unfilled Cutback Tar Foundation Coating for Dampproofing”.

(1) Sound transmission class ratings shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E413, “Classification for Rating Sound Insulation”, using the results from measurements in accordance with,

(a) ASTM E90, “Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements”, or

(b) ASTM E336, “Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation in Buildings”.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), a dwelling unit shall be separated from every other space in a building in which noise may be generated by construction providing a sound transmission class rating not less than 50, measured in accordance with the standards referenced in Sentence 5.9.1.1.(1)v1.

(2) Construction separating a dwelling unit from an elevator hoistway or a refuse chute shall have a should transmission class rating not less than 55, measured in accordance with the standards referenced in Sentence 5.9.1.1.(1)v1.

(1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3) and elsewhere in this Part, materials and components, and their installation, shall conform to the requirements of the applicable standards in Table 5.10.1.1. where those materials or components are,

(a) incorporated into environmental separators or assemblies exposed to the exterior, and

(b) installed to fulfill the requirements of this Part.

(2) The requirements for flame-spread ratings contained in thermal insulation standards shall be applied only as required in Part 3.

(3) Where a wired glass assembly is installed in a required fire separation, the assembly need not conform to CAN/CSA-A440, “Windows”, or CAN/CSA-A440.1, “User Selection Guide to CSA Standard CAN/CSA-A440-00, Windows”.

(4) Skylights not covered in the scope of CAN/CGSB-63.14-M, “Plastic Skylights”, shall nonetheless conform to the performance requirements of that standard.

O. Reg. 350/06, Division B, Part 5.